El cerebro de un elefante, en cambio, tiene 251 mil millones de neuronas en su cerebelo, con las que dirige su gigantesco tronco, y tan sólo 5.6 mil millones en la corteza.
Cuando hablamos del cerebro, el tamaño no indica gran cosa. Es la distribución de las neuronas en la corteza, en el cerebelo, o en los centros funcionales del tronco cerebral y sus conexiones lo que determinará cómo funciona el cerebro de un animal u otro. En el caso del cerebro humano, es la proporción de neuronas en nuestra corteza cerebral la que nos diferencia.
Primer breviario cerebral de Juga Cerebralia. Imagen y texto traducidos y adaptados de Quanta Magazine: https://www.quantamagazine.org/how-humans-evolved-supersiz…/
The human brain has a approximate of 86 billion neurons. From that number, 69 billion are in the cerebellum, the protrusion in the back of our brains that allows us to coordinate movement. The cerebral cortex, that folded carpet that forms the surface of our brain and that serves as the seat of our most sophisticated mental functions (self-consciousness, language, abstract thought) has sixteen billion neurons. One more billion neurons are found in the brainstem, which orchestrates visceral functions and coordinates our sleep-wake cycle, among other things.
The brain of an elephant, on the other hand, has 251 billion neurons in its cerebellum, with which it directs its gigantic trunk, and only 5.6 billion in the cortex.
When we talk about the brain, size does not indicate much. It is the distribution of neurons in the cortex, in the cerebellum, or in the functional centers of the brainstem and their connections that will determine thw works of one animal or another. In the case of the human brain, it is the proportion of neurons in our cerebral cortex that differentiates us from the rest.
First cerebral breviary of Cerebralia. Image translated and adapted from Quanta Magazine: https://www.quantamagazine.org/how-humans-evolved-supersiz…
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